一、市场失灵、外在性与政府行为在人力资本形成问题上，存在着严重的市场失灵。其表现为：微观市场主体从个人追求利益和需求的角度出发进行投资，这些投资往往只是从满足个人利益出发进行，如企业只注重特殊性培训的支出，而对普遍提高职工素质的一般性培训则缺乏应有的积极 First, the market failure, externalities and government behavior In the formation of human capital, there is a serious market failure. Its performance is as follows: the micro market main body invests from the viewpoint of pursuing the interests and needs of the individuals. These investments often only proceed from satisfying individual interests. For example, the enterprise only pays attention to the special training expenditures and general training on improving the general staff quality The lack of due positive