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目的探讨青海省格尔木市鼠疫菌株生物学特点及流行病学意义,为该地区的鼠疫防治提供科学依据。方法对1967-2006年青海省格尔木市分离的61株鼠疫菌株进行生化试验、毒力因子鉴定、毒力测定、质粒谱分析、鼠疫菌差异区段(Different Region,DFR)分型等研究。结果 61株被试菌株生物型为古典型、生态型均为青藏高原型,81.96%(50/61)的鼠疫菌Fl、PstⅠ、VW抗原因子和Pgm的4个毒力因子俱全;毒力检测结果显示,91.3%(21/23)的鼠疫菌为强毒菌;被试菌株基因型为32型(38株)、5型(16株)、8型(4株)、49型(2株)、44型(1株),其中32型、49型、44型为新发现的基因型;被试菌株中90.16%(55/61)携带分子质量为6×106、45×106、65×106的三种质粒。结论青海省格尔木市分离的鼠疫菌具备青藏高原鼠疫病原体特性,鼠疫菌的毒力强,鼠疫防治工作不容松懈。
Objective To explore the biological characteristics and epidemiological significance of plague strains in Golmud City, Qinghai Province, and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of plague in this area. Methods Sixty-one strains of plague isolates isolated from Golmud City, Qinghai Province from 1967 to 2006 were studied for their biochemical tests, virulence factors, virulence analysis, plasmid analysis and different regions (DFR) typing. Results The biotypes of the 61 isolates were classical and ecotypes were all of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Four virulence factors of Fl, PstⅠ, VW and Pgm of 81.96% (50/61) The results showed that 91.3% (21/23) of the Y. pestis strains were virulent; the genotypes of the tested strains were 32 (38), 5 (16), 8 (4) and 49 ) And 44 (1 strain), of which 32, 49 and 44 were newly discovered genotypes. The molecular weight of 90.16% (55/61) of tested strains was 6 × 106, 45 × 106 and 65 × 106 of the three plasmids. Conclusion The plague bacteria isolated from Golmud City in Qinghai Province possessed the characteristics of plague pathogens in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. The virulence of Yersinia pestis is strong and plague prevention and control work should not be lax.