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【目的】白眉野草螟Agriphila aeneociliella是小麦上新发现的一种害虫,以滞育的老熟幼虫做土茧在土壤中越夏,研究明确滞育幼虫在夏季持续高温和极端高温条件下的存活率,为该害虫秋季虫源基数的预测预报和有效防控提供依据。【方法】以白眉野草螟带土茧滞育幼虫和不带土茧滞育幼虫为研究对象,在室内条件下设置43,46,49,52和55℃极端高温,分别处理0.5,1,2和4 h;设置35,37,39和41℃普通高温,分别处理1,2,4和8 d。【结果】极端高温处理2和4 h后,带土茧滞育幼虫半致死温度分别为50.04℃(95%置信区间:49.36~50.47℃)和48.81℃(95%置信区间:47.74~49.37℃),去除土茧后分别为48.20℃(95%置信区间:47.66~48.74℃)和47.36℃(95%置信区间:47.08~48.37℃);52℃温度条件下,带有土茧滞育幼虫半致死时间为1.29 h(95%置信区间:1.17~1.44 h),去除土茧后半致死时间为1.02 h(95%置信区间:0.93~1.18 h)。普通高温处理41℃时,带有土茧滞育幼虫半致死时间为3.21 d(95%置信区间:2.92~3.52 d),去除土茧后半致死时间为2.66 d(95%置信区间:2.33~3.02 d)。【结论】白眉野草螟滞育幼虫具有很强的耐高温能力,土茧对其具有一定的保护作用。小麦收割后深耕灭茬,使土茧或幼虫裸露到地表,利用夏季土表高温杀死滞育幼虫,可以作为一项有效的农业防治措施。
【Aim】 Agriphila aeneociliella is a newly discovered pest on wheat. Using diapause mature larvae to make soil cocoon in summer, the survival rate of diapause larvae under continuous high temperature and extremely high temperature in summer was studied , Providing the basis for forecasting and effective prevention and control of pest insect base in autumn. [Method] With diapause larvae and soilless diapause larvae of Coccinella punctata as research objects, extreme high temperatures of 43, 46, 49, 52 and 55 ℃ were set up under indoor conditions, and 0.5, 1, 2 And 4 h respectively. The general high temperatures of 35, 37, 39 and 41 ℃ were set and treated for 1, 2, 4 and 8 d respectively. 【Result】 The results showed that the semi-lethal temperatures of larvae with soil-cocoon diapause were 50.04 ℃ (95% confidence interval: 49.36 ~ 50.47 ℃) and 48.81 ℃ (95% confidence interval: 47.74 ~ 49.37 ℃) (95% confidence interval: 47.66 ~ 48.74 ℃) and 47.36 ℃ (95% confidence interval: 47.08 ~ 48.37 ℃) after removal of soil cocoon. Semi-lethal larvae with soil-cocoon diapirism at 52 ℃ Time was 1.29 h (95% confidence interval: 1.17-1.44 h). The median lethal time was 1.02 h (95% confidence interval: 0.93-1.18 h) after removal of soil cocoon. The median lethal time was 3.21 d (95% confidence interval: 2.92-3.52 d) for diapause larvae with soil cocoons and 2.66 days after removal of soil cocoon (95% confidence interval: 2.33 ~ 3.02 d). 【Conclusion】 The diapause larvae of the white frond has a strong ability of high temperature resistance, soil cocoon has a certain protective effect. After harvested wheat plowing stubble, so that cocoon or larvae exposed to the surface, the use of summer soil surface temperature kill diapause larvae can be used as an effective agricultural control measures.