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对我国棉花中期库保存的200份不同地理来源的亚洲棉代表性样本进行了表型遗传多样性分析,结果表明,亚洲棉表型多样性丰富,种质间表型性状差异显著或极显著。19个表型性状的Shannon-Wiener多样性指数在0.34～2.15间,其大小依次为:衣分>株高>生育期>铃重>果枝始节=子指>叶枝数>短绒色>黄萎病抗性>茎色>茎毛>叶色>花基红斑>叶形=叶基红斑>花冠色>种子短绒>叶蜜腺>纤维色。不同棉区遗传多样性水平依次为:长江流域>黄河流域>华南>国外。利用软件NYSTS-pc2.20,采用类平均法(UPGMA)对遗传距离矩阵进行聚类分析,结果表明,种质间欧氏距离变幅为0.85～11.72,平均5.92。当阈值为5.48时200份种质可聚为绿色阔叶、红叶、鸡脚叶、棕絮、早熟、晚熟、大铃、高衣分等16种形态类型;筛选出8份表型特异种质。种质间遗传距离与地理距离没有必然联系。
The phenotypic genetic diversity analysis of 200 representative samples of Asian cotton from different cotton sources in China was carried out. The results showed that there are abundant phenotypic diversity in Asian cotton, and significant or extremely significant differences in the phenotypic traits among germplasm. The Shannon-Wiener diversity index of 19 phenotypic traits ranged from 0.34 to 2.15, and the order of their Shannon-Wiener diversity was as follows: litchi> plant height> growth period> boll weight> fruiting branch beginning = index finger> leaf number> lint color> yellow Resistance to wilt> stem color> stem hair> leaf color> flower base erythema> leaf shape = leaf base erythema> corolla color> seed linter> leaf nectary> fiber color. The genetic diversity of different cotton areas was as follows: the Yangtze River Valley> the Yellow River Basin> South China> abroad. Using software NYSTS-pc2.20, UPGMA was used to cluster the genetic distance matrix. The results showed that the Euclidean distance between germplasms ranged from 0.85 to 11.72, with an average of 5.92. When the threshold value was 5.48, 200 germplasms could be clustered into 16 morphological types including green broadleaf, red leaf, chicken foot leaf, brown leaf, precocious, late ripe, big bell and high coat. Eight phenotypic germplasm . Germplasm genetic distance and geographical distance is not necessarily related.