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目的通过分析狂犬病监测信息报告管理系统的数据库资料,探讨育龄妇女狂犬病暴露后的流行病学特点及接种疫苗对优生优育的影响。方法流行病学资料来源于中国疾病预防控制信息系统疾病监测信息报告管理系统;犬致伤数据来源于门头沟区三家狂犬病免疫预防门诊动物致伤数据库。以EpiData数据库录入数据。结果接受狂犬疫苗注射的25 258人中,育龄妇女4216人,占9.5%。三类伤口的育龄妇女中,66.2%接受了被动免疫,与一般人群三类伤口接种率72.35%相比有显著性差异(P<0.0001)。拒绝接受被动免疫最主要的原因为害怕其对妊娠的影响。流产、妊娠高血压、妊娠糖尿病、出生低体重以及小先天缺陷在接种狂犬疫苗妊娠妇女和一般妊娠妇女中发生率均无显著性差异。不孕症在接种狂犬疫苗育龄妇女与一般育龄妇女中发病率亦无显著性差异。结论接种狂犬疫苗对妇女妊娠及生育无明显影响。
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of rabies-bearing women of childbearing age and the effects of vaccination on prenatal and postnatal care by analyzing the database of Rabies Disease Surveillance Information Reporting Management System. Methods Epidemiological data were collected from China Disease Control and Prevention Information System Disease Surveillance Information Reporting Management System. Dogs injury data were collected from three rabies immunization outpatient animal injury databases in Mentougou District. Enter the data in the EpiData database. Results Of 25 258 people receiving rabies vaccine, 4216 were women of childbearing age, accounting for 9.5%. Among the three types of women of childbearing age, passive immunization was accepted by 66.2%, which was significantly different from that of the general population (72.35%) (P <0.0001). The main reason for rejecting passive immunization is fear of its impact on pregnancy. Abortion, gestational hypertension, gestational diabetes, low birth weight and small birth defects in rabies vaccination pregnant women and pregnant women in general no significant difference. Infertility vaccination rabies vaccine in women of childbearing age and general incidence of women of childbearing age there was no significant difference. Conclusions Vaccination of rabies vaccine has no significant effect on pregnancy and fertility in women.