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目的探讨注意缺陷多动障碍(attention deficit hyperactivity disorder,ADHD)与孤独症患儿母亲养育压力的差异及影响因素。方法采用父母压力指数量表(Parenting Stress Index,PSI)对ADHD患儿(n=150,7~12岁)及孤独症患儿(n=131,7~12岁)母亲进行评定。结果孤独症组母亲每个分量表得分及父母、儿童方面总分均高于ADHD组(P<0.05)。多元回归分析结果表明放任自流的教养方式可能是孤独症患儿母亲父母领域总分和压力总分的影响因素。结论孤独症患儿母亲较ADHD患儿母亲承受着较高的压力。
Objective To investigate the differences and influencing factors of nourishing stress in children with autism and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Methods The mothers of children with ADHD (n = 150,7 to 12 years) and children with autism (n = 131,7 to 12 years old) were assessed using Parenting Stress Index (PSI). Results The scores of each subscales and the scores of parents and children in autism group were higher than those in ADHD group (P <0.05). Multivariate regression analysis showed that recuperating parental rearing patterns may be the influencing factors of mothers ’parents’ total scores of parental areas and stress scores. Conclusion Mothers with autistic children are under higher stress than mothers with ADHD.