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目的:探讨宁夏吴忠市盐池县部分乡镇妇女妇科常见疾病种类、患病率、相关因素。方法:用统一固定的体检表格进行病史登记,常规进行妇科检查及辅助检查。结果:对39 100例已婚妇女进行普查,患病人数16 142例,患病率为41.28%。妇女常见妇科疾病发病率,生殖道炎症占首位,其次是子宫肌瘤、乳房肿块、卵巢肿块;7 701例生殖道炎症患者中,中度宫颈柱状上皮异位2 647例,占34.37%;盆腔炎2 003例,占26.01%;宫颈息肉1 654例,占21.48%;霉菌性阴道炎767例,占9.96%;滴虫性阴道炎630例,占8.18%。乳房疾病统计中小叶增生未统计在内,在查出的2 951例乳房肿块中有3例为乳腺癌。查出妇科恶性肿瘤7例,其中宫颈癌5例、卵巢癌2例。结论:加强妇女保健知识的宣传力度,努力提高妇科疾病筛查质量和筛查率,降低患病率。
Objective: To explore the types, prevalence and related factors of common gynecological diseases in some villages and towns of Yanchi County, Wuzhong City, Ningxia. Methods: Use a unified fixed physical examination form for medical history registration, routine gynecological examination and auxiliary examination. Results: 39 100 married women were surveyed, with 16 142 patients, the prevalence was 41.28%. The prevalence of gynecological diseases and genital tract inflammation were the most common in women, followed by uterine fibroids, breast lumps and ovarian masses. Among 7 701 patients with genital tract inflammation, 2 647 cases of moderate cervical columnar epithelium were ectopic, accounting for 34.37% 2 003 cases of inflammation, accounting for 26.01%; 1 654 cases of cervical polyps, accounting for 21.48%; 767 cases of fungal vaginitis, accounting for 9.96%; 630 trichomonas vaginitis, accounting for 8.18%. Breast disease statistics in the absence of lobular hyperplasia, including 2 951 cases of breast lumps found in 3 cases of breast cancer. 7 cases of gynecologic malignancies were found, including 5 cases of cervical cancer and 2 cases of ovarian cancer. Conclusion: To strengthen the publicity of women’s health knowledge, strive to improve the screening quality and screening rate of gynecological diseases and reduce the prevalence.