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目的评价综合性基础干预对驻戈壁地区新兵呼吸系统疾病的预防作用。方法选择2006年和2007年入伍男性新兵为观察对象,分别为1620名和1699名;某部入伍1年以上战士850名为对照组。三组均进行卫生知识培训、定时开窗通风、及时组织病员就诊,定期对人员相对集中的地方消毒,定期巡诊。2007年组增加适应性训练、预防性用药及根据气候调整训练等综合干预内容。统计新兵训练期间各组急性呼吸系统疾病发生率,组间比较采用χ2检验。结果2006年组呼吸系统感染发生率最高达64.26%,其次是2007年组为42.67%,对照组最低为31.88%,三组呼吸系统感染发生率存在显著性差异(P<0.01);周发病数对照组持续维持在较低水平,2007年组入伍后初4周为发病高峰期、从第5周开始维持在较低水平,2006年组发病高峰持续时间明显延长至入伍后初6周,从第8周开始维持在较低水平。结论综合性基础干预能明显降低该地区新兵呼吸系统疾病发生率并能缩短其疾病持续时间,可加速新兵对戈壁气候的适应。
Objective To evaluate the preventive effect of comprehensive basic intervention on the respiratory diseases of recruits in the Gobi Desert. Methods Male recruits enrolled in 2006 and 2007 were selected as the observation objects, which were 1620 and 1699, respectively; and 850 soldiers who were enlisted for more than one year served as the control group. Three groups were trained in health knowledge, regular window ventilation, timely organization of patient visits, regular staff on the spot where the relative concentration of disinfection, regular visits. 2007 group to increase adaptive training, preventive medication and climate intervention based training and other interventions. During recruits training, the incidence of acute respiratory diseases in each group was statistically analyzed. Chi-square test was used to compare the two groups. Results In 2006, the incidence of respiratory system infection was 64.26%, followed by 42.67% in 2007 and 31.88% in control group. The incidence of respiratory infection was significantly different among the three groups (P <0.01) The control group remained at a relatively low level. In 2007, the first 4 weeks after enlistment was the peak incidence, from the fifth week to the lowest level. The peak duration of onset in 2006 significantly prolonged to 6 weeks after enrollment Week 8 began to maintain at a low level. Conclusion Comprehensive basic intervention can significantly reduce the incidence of respiratory diseases and the shortening of disease duration of recruits in the region, and can accelerate the adaptation of recruits to the Gobi climate.