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以玉米自交系444为轮回亲本和54个国内优良自交系为供体亲本构建高世代回交导入系(BC3F4),随机选取54份回交导入系进行主要性状及抗玉米丝黑穗病评价。结果表明,回交导入系J88、J107和J148在植株性状、产量及产量构成因素等多个性状上均优于轮回亲本444;54份回交导入系对丝黑穗病抗性差异较大,J15表现为高抗;J2、J7、J28、J31、J46、J88、J110和J148表现为抗病;J6、J55、J73、J76、J97、J102和J121表现为中抗。发病率低于444的有47个,占87.04%,表明回交导入系对玉米丝黑穗病的抗性水平较轮回亲本444有较大提升。J88和J148对丝黑穗病抗性、产量及产量构成因素均表现较好,明显优于轮回亲本444,可优先利用。
A high-generation backcross (BC3F4) line was constructed from inbred line 444 of maize and 54 domestic elite inbred lines. 54 backcross inbred lines were randomly selected to conduct main traits and maize head smut resistance Evaluation. The results showed that the backcross inbred lines J88, J107 and J148 were better than the recurrent parent 444 in traits such as plant traits, yield and yield components. The resistance of 54 backcross lines to head smut was significantly different, J15 showed high resistance; J2, J7, J28, J31, J46, J88, J110 and J148 showed disease resistance; J6, J55, J73, J76, J97, J102 and J121 showed moderate resistance. 47 were lower than 444, accounting for 87.04%, indicating that the resistance of maize backcross to maize head smut was higher than that of reincarnated 444. J88 and J148 performed better on resistance to head smut, yield and yield components, which were obviously better than those of recurrent parent 444, which could be used preferentially.