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目的:调查河北省0～6岁出生缺陷儿童基本情况和发生现状。方法:采用个人访谈、整群回顾性调查方法,由调查员入户,根据调查表内容对0～6岁儿童经医院确诊及肉眼可见出生缺陷情况逐一填写。结果:调查河北省辖区2003～2008年出生的儿童总数为4611808例,出生缺陷儿童总数29564例,出生缺陷发生率64.1/万;前6类出生缺陷顺位为:脑瘫、先天性心脏病、先天性四肢畸形、唇腭裂、先天性智力低下、先天性聋哑;各市间出生缺陷发生率明显不同,其中出生缺陷发生率最高的地区为承德市,其次为邯郸市,廊坊市发生率最低。山区出生缺陷发生率高于丘陵和平原,乡村出生缺陷发生率高于城市;不同年度、性别和孩次儿童出生缺陷发生率不同;男性和女性出生缺陷发生例数和发生率分别为18039例(79.9/万)和11526例(55.6/万);一孩、二孩和多孩出生缺陷发生例数和发生率分别为18646例(21.6/万)、10173例(74.5/万)和706例(139.6/万)。结论:河北省0～6岁儿童出生缺陷发生状况在不同年度、地域、地势、城乡之间有明显不同,且男性高于女性,并随孩次的增加而明显增加。
Objective: To investigate the basic situation and current situation of children with birth defects aged 0 ~ 6 years in Hebei Province. Methods: Using personal interviews and cluster retrospective survey, the investigators entered the home. According to the contents of the questionnaire, children aged 0 ~ 6 years old were diagnosed by the hospital and the birth defects were observed by the naked eye. Results: The total number of children born in Hebei Province from 2003 to 2008 was 4,611,808 and the number of children with birth defects was 29,564. The incidence of birth defects was 64.1 per thousand. The first six birth defects were: cerebral palsy, congenital heart disease, congenital heart disease Sexual limb deformities, cleft lip and palate, congenital mental retardation, congenital deaf and dumb; The incidence of birth defects was significantly different among cities. Among them, the highest incidence of birth defects was in Chengde city, followed by Handan city and the lowest in Langfang city. The incidence of birth defects in mountainous areas is higher than that in hills and plains, and the incidence of birth defects in rural areas is higher than that in cities. The incidence of birth defects varies according to gender and children in different years. The number and incidence of birth defects in both men and women are 18039 79.5%) and 11526 cases (55.6%). The number and incidence of birth defects of one child, two children and multiple children were 18,646 (21.6%), 10,173 (74.5%) and 706 139.6 / million). Conclusion: The incidence of birth defects in children aged 0 ~ 6 years in Hebei Province was significantly different in different years, regions, topographies, urban and rural areas, and the male was higher than the female, and increased significantly with the increase of children.