问：初中《中国历史》第一册讲原始社会情况时,为什么用“氏族”和“文化”两个不同的词? 答:中学历史课本第一册,在讲到原始社会的情况时用了“氏族”和“文化”两个词。对于“氏族”一词大概不难理解,它是以血缘关系结合起来的、自然形成的人类共同体,是原始社会的基本单位。所谓“文化”有不同定义,这里指的是一个考古学术语,用来表示在考古遗迹中所观察到的共同体。这个共同体是属于同一时代的、有地方性特征以及集中于一定区域内的考古遗迹的共同体。譬如,我们在考古发掘时经常在一些墓葬和居住遗址中发现几种特定类型的陶器、生产工具和装饰品 Q: Why did you use the two different words “clan” and “culture” in the first chapter of “History of China” in junior high school? A: The first volume of history textbook for middle school was used in the context of primitive society “Clan” and “culture” two words. It is probably not hard to understand the term “clan”, which is a naturally formed human community based on kinship and is the basic unit of primitive society. The so-called “culture” has a different definition, here refers to an archeological term used to indicate the community observed in archaeological sites. This community is a community of the same age, with its local characteristics and archeological relics concentrated in a certain area. For example, we regularly found several types of pottery, tools, and decorations in some tombs and residential sites during archaeological excavations