滥用抗生素或严重细菌感染时不能及时准确地应用抗生素 ,是儿科医生在临床工作中经常面临的两个棘手的矛盾性问题 ,二者均会导致严重后果 ,前者是耐药菌株形成的主要原因 ,并可致二重感染 ;后者易引起病情恶化 ,失去抢救的最佳时机。病原学检测是诊断感染性疾病的金指标 ,但可 The abuse of antibiotics or serious bacterial infections can not be timely and accurate antibiotics, pediatricians in clinical work often face two difficult contradictions, both of which will lead to serious consequences, the former is the main reason for the formation of resistant strains, And can cause double infection; the latter easily lead to deterioration of the condition, the best time to lose the rescue. Etiological testing is a gold index for the diagnosis of infectious diseases, but it can be