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利用光栅侧面耦合技术多为单波长或窄带光耦合,用于光纤激光器泵浦、光波导集成等领域,而用于可见光宽带耦合的研究很少。通过在波导上集成亚波长衍射光栅结构,可以引导太阳光在波导的侧面进行出光汇集,作为一种新型的太阳能集光器结构。利用时域有限差分算法软件(FDTD)对光栅结构进行仿真,以获得最大衍射效率的光栅结构参数,并对不同入射角度下的衍射耦合效率进行了分析。结果显示,在宽波段的光谱范围内,以上光栅结构均达到较好的衍射效率,其中闪耀光栅衍射效率最大,其衍射效率可达48.8%。这种利用亚波长衍射光栅结构的小型集光器有望应用在有关太阳能能量的收集应用中,例如照明、太阳能电池等。
The use of grating side coupling technology is mostly single-wavelength or narrow-band optical coupling, for fiber laser pumping, optical waveguide integration and other fields, and for the study of the coupling of broadband light is rare. By integrating the subwavelength diffraction grating structure on the waveguide, it can guide the sunlight to collect light on the side of the waveguide as a new type of solar concentrator structure. The grating structure was simulated by finite difference time-domain (FDTD) software to obtain the grating parameters with maximum diffraction efficiency. The diffraction coupling efficiency under different incident angles was also analyzed. The results show that the above grating structure achieves better diffraction efficiency over a wide wavelength range. The blazed grating has the highest diffraction efficiency and the diffraction efficiency reaches 48.8%. This type of small concentrator using a sub-wavelength diffraction grating structure is expected to be used in collecting applications related to solar energy such as lighting, solar cells and the like.