列车的重量和运行速度是标志铁路发展状况的最重要指标。为了更有效地使用电力和内燃机车,有决定意义的是牵引电机工作的可靠性和寿命。然而它们都是经常损坏,特别是内燃机车的牵引电机,以致严重影响运输工作。去年年初,在各运输部门等待检修的牵引电机近5千台,超过标准4倍。差不多每4台电机中就有一台在保证期满前损坏。 The weight and speed of trains are the most important indicators that mark the development of the railway. In order to use electric and diesel locomotives more efficiently, it is decisive that the reliability and life of the traction motor work. However, they are often damaged, especially the traction motors of diesel locomotives, which seriously affect the transport work. At the beginning of last year, nearly five thousand traction motors were waiting for repairs in various transport departments, which exceeded the standard four times. Almost every fourth motor has one damaged before the expiration date.