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针对现代铁路大量采用交直交电力机车后,在牵引供电系统中频繁出现的设备绝缘击穿、避雷器爆炸、变电所跳闸、牵引网接触线烧损等问题,利用电磁暂态仿真软件PSCAD/EMTDC建立分布参数的牵引网模型和变流器-电机联合控制的电力机车模型,研究分析牵引网长度、机车位置与不同谐波阻抗测量点阻频特性的关系;牵引功率和牵引网电压对交直交电力机车谐波特性的影响。基于以上两点总结谐振过电压的分布特点,利用GA算法优化高通滤波器的参数并仿真分析不同安装位置时的谐波电压分布情况,得出在变电所出线安装可使电压畸变率降为0.35%,满足公用电网电能质量3%的指标,且有充足的安全裕量。
In order to solve the problems of equipment insulation breakdown, arrester explosion, substation tripping and traction line contact line burnout frequently occurring in the traction power supply system after extensive use of AC and DC electric locomotives in modern railways, the electromagnetic transient simulation software PSCAD / EMTDC Establish the traction network model with distribution parameters and the electric locomotive model jointly controlled by the converter and the motor, and study the relationship between the traction network length and locomotive position and the resistance-frequency characteristic at different harmonic impedance measurement points; Influence of Harmonic Characteristics of Electric Locomotives. Based on the above two points summarizing the distribution characteristics of the resonant overvoltage, the GA algorithm is used to optimize the parameters of the high-pass filter and to simulate and analyze the harmonic voltage distribution in different installation positions. The conclusion is drawn that the voltage distortion rate can be reduced to 0.35%, meet the public power grid power quality indicators of 3%, and have sufficient safety margin.