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中国话剧起始于英语戏剧的改译和演出。在中国还没有形成属于自己的话剧传统之前,通过改译西方的剧本,使之适应中国舞台的需要成为中国现代剧坛一种常见现象。改译,是将原作的人物、地点、情节部分或者全部中国化:人物用中国姓名、故事发生在中国、内容也换成读者(观众)熟悉的样式。因此改译本必须实现戏剧空间和时间的置换,把发生在西方的外国人的故事变成了发生在中国本土的中国人的故事。本文分析的是李健吾在二十世纪四十年代改译的两部莎士比亚名作,通过这种分析试图展示,英语戏剧的改译过程是理解西方戏剧传统和文化传统的过程,同时也是话剧在中国的本土化和民族化的探索过程。
Chinese drama begins with the translation and performance of English plays. Before China formed its own tradition of drama, it became a common phenomenon in modern Chinese theater by changing the script of the West and adapting it to the needs of the Chinese arena. Translation, is the original person, place, plot all or part of the Chinese: people with Chinese names, the story takes place in China, the content is also replaced by reader (audience) familiar style. Therefore, the translation must be replaced by the space and time of drama, turning the story of foreigners in the West into the story of Chinese people in China. This article analyzes two famous Shakespeare masterpieces by Li Jianwu in the 1940s. Through this analysis, we attempt to show that the process of the translation of English plays is a process of understanding the traditions and cultural traditions of Western drama. At the same time, The localization and nationalization of the exploration process.