嘎拉勒铜金矿床位于冈底斯成矿带西段北缘,是近年来该区域发现的一个重要的典型镁质矽卡岩型铜金矿床。本文在矿区大比例尺地质填图基础上,结合前人研究资料,对该矿床地质特征和控矿条件进行了系统阐述和分析。矿区内出露地层主要为下白垩统捷嘎组白云岩和白云质灰岩,其下伏为下白垩统郎久组砂岩、粉砂岩和流纹质-英安质火山岩及火山碎屑岩。矿区内至少发生了3期构造变形,第1期形成北西向褶皱和北东向张性横断层,第2期形成北东向褶皱、北东向压性纵断层和北西向小型张性横断层,第3期形成近南北向正断层。区内自早到晚侵入有燕山晚期斑状石英闪长岩、闪长玢岩、石英闪长岩、花岗闪长岩和花岗斑岩。在石英闪长岩和花岗闪长岩与捷嘎组白云岩和白云质灰岩接触带附近形成典型镁质矽卡岩,包括早、晚两个阶段,早阶段形成由橄榄石、粒硅镁石和少量尖晶石、石榴子石、透辉石组成的干矽卡岩,晚阶段形成由蛇纹石、金云母和少量绿帘石组成的湿矽卡岩,叠加在干矽卡岩之上或其外侧,构成自岩体向外的橄榄石+尖晶石+粒硅镁石±石榴石±金云母带、金云母+蛇纹石±橄榄石±石榴石±透辉石带、蛇纹石+金云母+绿帘石±透辉石带、蛇纹石±金云母化大理岩带。矿体呈层状、似层状、团块状及不规则状主要产于蛇纹石+金云母化带内,金属矿物主要有磁铁矿、黄铁矿、黄铜矿、斑铜矿、辉铜矿、自然金等,伴有硅化、绿泥石化和碳酸盐化。成矿作用与花岗闪长岩和石英闪长岩的侵入活动密切相关,主要受北东和北西向褶皱及相关断裂控制,矽卡岩化受捷嘎组中部纹层状白云岩和砂质白云岩等有利岩性控制,矿体就位于矽卡岩带的高渗透率部位。 The Galalá copper-gold deposit is located on the northern margin of the western section of the Gangdese metallogenic belt and is an important typical magnesian skarn copper-gold deposit discovered in this area in recent years. Based on the large-scale geological mapping in the mining area and based on the previous research data, this paper systematically expounds and analyzes the geological characteristics and ore-controlling conditions of this deposit. The exposed strata in the mining area are mainly dolomite and dolomitic limestone in the Lower Cretaceous Jiega Formation. The lower Cretaceous Langjiu Formation sandstone, siltstone and rhyolite-quartz amphibolite and pyroclastic rocks are underlain. There are at least three tectonic deformations in the mining area. The first stage forms the NW-trending fold and the NE-trending transverse transect, and the second stage forms the NE-trending fold, the NE-strike compressional fault and the NW-treetopratchia , The third formation of nearly normal north-south fault. In the area, early late porphyry quartz diorite, diorite porphyrite, quartz diorite, granodiorite and granite porphyry intruded into the area. A typical magnesian skarn is formed near the contact zone between dolomite and dolomitic limestone of quartz diorite, granodiorite and Jiega Formation, including the early and late stages. In the early stage, the magnesian skarn is formed by olivine, Magnesia, and a small amount of dry skarn composed of spinel, garnet, and diopside, and wet skarn formed of serpentine, phlogopite and a small amount of epidote in the late stage, superimposed on dry skarn Or on the outer side, composed of olivine + spinel + periclase + garnet ± garnet ± phlogopite, phlogopite + serpentine ± olivine ± garnet ± diopside zone, serpent Serpentine + phlogopite + epidote ± diopside, serpentin ± phlogopite marble belt. The orebodies are stratified, like stratified, massive and irregular shaped mainly in the serpentine + phlogopite zone, the main metal minerals are magnetite, pyrite, chalcopyrite, bornite, Chalcopyrite, natural gold, with silicification, chloritization and carbonation. The mineralization is closely related to the intrusion of granodiorite and quartz diorite, which is mainly controlled by North-East and Northwestern fold and related faults. Skarnization is affected by central laminar dolomite and sandy Dolomite and other favorable lithology control, the ore body is located in the high permeability of the skarn zone.