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卢卡奇在其《关于社会存在的本体论》中,从劳动作为目的论设定的社会存在初级形式出发,阐发了他所解读的马克思《资本论》及手稿中蕴涵的哲学伦理思想,这种解读是与其同时代的马克思主义思想家截然不同然而又颇具高度的。卢卡奇认为本体论是马克思主义伦理学的基础,必须在理解思路上厘清马克思的方法。通过对本体论基础上的价值分析,以及对伦理应该、伦理自由、伦理异化等范畴的马克思主义本体论分析,批判了形形色色的资产阶级伦理道德意识形态,又分析了僵化意识形态错误的历史根源。
In his “ontology about social existence”, Lukacs elaborates on the primary form of social existence set by labor as teleology, and elucidates the Marx’s “capital theory” and the philosophical thoughts contained in the manuscript Interpretation is distinct and yet highly relevant to its contemporary Marxist thinkers. Lukacs holds that ontology is the foundation of Marxist ethics and that Marx’s method must be clarified in terms of understanding. Through the analysis of the value based on ontology, as well as the Marxist ontology analysis on ethical deserving, ethical freedom and ethical alienation, it criticizes all kinds of bourgeois ideology of ethics and ethics, and analyzes the historical roots of the rigid ideological error .