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气动热辐射效应导致红外探测制导系统的性能降低甚至失效,而红外窗口是气动热辐射效应评估的关键因素。通过分析红外辐射在红外窗口中的传输特性,提出一种红外窗口气动热辐射效应评估方法,基于等温状态试验,评估了某超音速飞行器红外探测系统蓝宝石红外窗口在中波3.7~4.8μm波段的气动热辐射效应。研究结果显示,红外窗口暴露于大气环境后,蓝宝石窗口导致的气动热辐射效应迅速上升,表现为红外窗口透过率下降约10%,仍然在0.9以上,而自辐射迅速增强约458倍,相当于约125℃黑体,在探测器获取总辐射中的比例大于78%。在对地探测应用中,对于厚度小于20 mm的蓝宝石红外窗口,窗口温度在100~350℃范围内,随着厚度增加,透过率下降,自辐射增强,总辐射也增强,自辐射在总辐射中的比例增加,易造成探测器饱和,对探测系统影响较大。
The aerodynamic thermal radiation effect causes the performance of the infrared detection and guidance system to be reduced or even failed, while the infrared window is a key factor in the assessment of the aerodynamic thermal radiation effect. By analyzing the transmission characteristics of infrared radiation in the infrared window, a method for evaluating the aerodynamic thermal radiation effect of the infrared window is proposed. Based on the isothermal condition test, the sapphire infrared window of a supersonic aircraft infrared detection system is evaluated in the 3.7-4.8μm band Pneumatic thermal radiation effect. The results show that the aerodynamic thermal radiation effect caused by the sapphire window increases rapidly after the infrared window is exposed to the atmosphere. The infrared window shows a decrease in transmittance of about 10%, still above 0.9, and a rapid increase of about 458 times since radiation At about 125 ° C blackbody, the proportion of total radiation acquired by the detector is greater than 78%. In geophone applications, for sapphire infrared windows with thicknesses less than 20 mm, the window temperature is in the range of 100-350 ° C. As the thickness increases, the transmittance decreases, the self-radiation increases and the total radiation increases. Increasing the proportion of radiation, easy to cause detector saturation, a greater impact on the detection system.