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梯田是山区提高农业综合生产能力、防止水土流失、改善生产生活条件的重要途径,地处黄土高原地区的庄浪县40多年来的梯田建设印证了梯田建设的重要性和它发挥的作用。本文从梯田的减灾与农业生产能力的提高、梯田建设与农业生产良性循环体系等方面进行了分析。研究结果表明,庄浪梯田建设已构建起两大支撑体系:一是促进农民增收的产业体系,二是增强了粮食生产能力的保障体系。同时,较少的耕地提供了较多的粮食产量,为农业结构调整奠定了基础。更重要的是,在梯田建设中,山、水、田、林、草、路综合治理,使农业生产条件得以改善并实行集约经营,从而推进了传统农业向现代农业转变。本文的研究对庄浪水土流失、农业生产建设具有一定的借鉴作用。
Terraced fields are an important way to improve comprehensive agricultural productivity, prevent soil erosion and improve production and living conditions in mountainous areas. The construction of terraced fields in Zhuanglang County in the Loess Plateau for more than 40 years confirms the importance of terrace construction and its role. This paper analyzes the mitigation of terraces and improvement of agricultural productivity, terrace construction and the virtuous circle system of agricultural production. The results show that Zhuanglang Terrace has built up two support systems: one is the industrial system to promote farmers’ income, the other is to enhance the system of guaranteeing grain production capacity. At the same time, less cultivated land provided more grain output and laid the foundation for the adjustment of agricultural structure. More importantly, in the construction of terraced fields, the comprehensive management of mountains, water, fields, forests, grasses and roads improved the conditions for agricultural production and implemented intensive management, thereby promoting the transformation from traditional agriculture to modern agriculture. The research in this paper has some reference to soil erosion and agricultural production in Zhuanglang.