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地震波传播经过储层时,表现出明显的衰减和频散特征.该现象的主要成因应该包含两种机制:一是固体骨架的黏弹机制,二是孔隙流体的流动机制.这两种机制在单独研究时具有各自的局限性.Zener线性体模型描述的黏弹机制将储层等效为一个固体,忽略了孔隙中流体流动造成的地震波衰减;而BISQ模型考虑了储层的双相结构以及宏观及微观的孔隙流体流动机制,但其模拟衰减频带处于高频,不能解释在地震频带明显的衰减现象.本文分析了Zener模型和BISQ模型的作用机制,并将两种机制结合,推导了Zener-BISQ模型的本构方程.通过求解新模型的平面波解,分析了其相速度和逆品质因子的衰减和频散特征.最后,通过3个模型的数值实验研究了Zener模型其中的作用和控制方式.
Seismic wave propagation through the reservoir shows obvious attenuation and dispersion characteristics.The main causes of this phenomenon should include two mechanisms: one is the viscoelastic mechanism of the solid framework and the other is the flow mechanism of the pore fluid The individual studies have their own limitations. The viscoelastic mechanism described by the Zener linear body model treats the reservoir as a solid equivalent, ignoring the attenuation of the seismic waves caused by the fluid flow in the pores, and the BISQ model considers the bi-phasic structure of the reservoir and Macroscopic and microscopic pore fluid flow mechanism, but the simulated attenuation band at high frequency, can not explain the obvious attenuation phenomenon in the seismic band.This paper analyzes the mechanism of the Zener model and the BISQ model, and combines the two mechanisms to derive Zener The constitutive equations of the BISQ model are solved by solving the plane wave solutions of the new model, and the attenuation and dispersion characteristics of the phase velocity and inverse quality factor are analyzed.Finally, the role and control of the Zener model are studied by numerical experiments of three models the way.