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目的:探讨炎性牙周膜干细胞(periodontal ligament stem cell,PDLSC)对巨噬细胞分泌白介素-1β(interleukin-1β,IL-1β)的影响及其机制。方法:使用脂多糖(lipopolysaccharide,LPS)刺激PDLSC模拟炎性环境。收集健康PDLSC培养基和模拟炎性环境条件PDLSC培养基,分别作用于人单核细胞系THP-1细胞,以此分为健康PDLSC条件培养基(conditioned medium of health PDLSC,CM-H)组和炎性PDLSC条件培养基(conditioned medium of LPS-PDLSC,CM-LPS)组。条件培养24 h后,弃条件培养基,正常培养THP-1细胞24 h。酶联免疫吸附测定(enzyme linked immunosorbent assay,ELISA)法检测THP-1细胞上清液中IL-1β的表达量,实时荧光定量PCR检测THP-1细胞内质网应激(endoplasmic reticulum stress,ERS)相关基因葡萄糖调节蛋白78(glucose regulated protein 78,GRP78)、活化转录因子6(activating transcription factor-6,ATF6)、需肌醇酶1(inositol requiring enzyme 1,IRE1)、蛋白激酶R样内质网激酶(protein kinase R-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase,PERK)、CCAAT增强子结合蛋白同源蛋白(CCAAT enhancer binding protein homologous protein,CHOP)、活化转录因子4 (activating transcription factor-4,ATF4)、剪切型X-盒结合蛋白1(X box binding protein 1 spliced,XBP1s)的表达,蛋白质印迹法检测GRP78、CHOP蛋白表达。使用ERS抑制剂4-苯基丁酸(4-phenylbutyrate,4-PBA)预处理THP-1细胞进行干预实验,以不同浓度进行分组,包括0(对照组)、1、10和20 mmol/L组,检测ERS相关基因mRNA表达和IL-1β分泌的变化。结果:ELISA结果显示,CM-LPS组THP-1细胞IL-1β表达量[(31.35±2.11) ng/L]显著高于CM-H组[(8.19±1.51) ng/L](n t=12.60,n P<0.01)。实时荧光定量PCR结果显示,与CM-H组相比,CM-LPS组GRP78、ATF6、IRE1、PERK、CHOP、ATF4、XBP1s表达(分别为1.782±0.070、1.387±0.204、1.404±0.119、1.777±0.187、1.325±0.156、1.295±0.066、1.137±0.149)均显著升高(n P<0.05)。4-PBA干预实验中,1、10、20 mmol/L组中GRP78、IRE1、ATF6、PERK、CHOP的表达均显著低于对照组(n P<0.05)。与对照组[(31.23±1.98) ng/L]相比,10和20 mmol/L组THP-1细胞IL-1β分泌水平[分别为(21.20±0.37)、(23.85±1.80) ng/L]均显著下降(n P<0.05)。n 结论:炎性PDLSC可以通过上调巨噬细胞的ERS促进巨噬细胞分泌IL-1β。“,”Objective:To investigate the effect and mechanism of periodontal ligament stem cell (PDLSC) from inflammatory environment on the secretion of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) by macrophages.Methods:PDLSCs were pretreated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in order to simulate the inflammatory environment. Human monocyte cell line (THP-1) cells were treated with conditioned media collected from healthy and inflammatory PDLSCs respectively and divided into conditioned medium of health PDLSC (CM-H) group and conditioned medium of LPS-PDLSC (CM-LPS) group. After 24 h of co-culture, the condition media were abandoned and THP-1 cells were then cultured for another 24 h. The expression of IL-1β in THP-1 cells supernatant was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Quantitative real time-PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to detect the expression of glucose regulated protein 78 (GRP78), activating transcription factor-6 (ATF6), inositol requiring enzyme 1 (IRE1), protein kinase R-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK), CCAAT enhancer binding protein homologous protein (CHOP), activating transcription factor-4 (ATF4) and X box binding protein 1 spliced (XBP1s), which were all related with endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS), in THP-1 cells. The expressions of proteins GRP78 and CHOP were detected by Western blotting. Furthermore, THP-1 cells, which pretreated with ER inhibitor 4-phenylbutyrate (4-PBA) for intervention experiments were grouped by various concentrations of 4-PBA including groups 0 (control group), 1, 10 and 20 mmol/L and treated with condition medium of inflammatory PDLSC. ELISA was used to detect IL-1β expression and qRT-PCR to detect expression of ERS related genes.Results:ELISA results showed that the expression of IL-1β in THP-1 cells of group CM-LPS [(31.35±2.11) ng/L] was significantly higher than group CM-H [(8.19±1.51) ng/L] (n t=12.60, n P<0.01). qRT-PCR results showed that the relative expressions of GRP78, ATF6, IRE1, PERK, CHOP, ATF4 and XBP1s genes in THP-1 cells of group CM-LPS (1.782±0.070, 1.387±0.204, 1.404±0.119, 1.777±0.187, 1.325±0.156, 1.295±0.066 and 1.137±0.149, respectively) were significantly higher than those in group CM-H (n P<0.05). In the 4-PBA intervention experiment, compared with group 0 mmol/L, the expressions of GRP78, IRE-1, ATF-6, PERK and CHOP were significantly lower in group 1, 10 and 20 mmol/L (n P<0.05). Moreover, compared with control group [(31.23±1.98) ng/L], the expression of IL-1β in THP-1 cells were significantly lower in group 10 mmol/L [(21.20±0.37) ng/L] and group 20 mmol/L [(23.85±1.80) ng/L] (n P<0.05) with ERS inhibited.n Conclusions:PDLSC from inflammatory environment could promote IL-1β secretion of macrophages through upregulating macrophages ERS.