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第四方物流的快速发展给客户带来了物流业务整合的优势,也让客户面临着交货期不确定与延迟的风险。为了促进第四方物流稳定发展,降低交货期风险损失,需要对外包物流配送交货期风险进行有效地管理。基于委托代理理论与契约设计知识,考虑客户两类交货期需求即应急配送与拖期惩罚的情况下,分别研究了第四方物流交货期契约设计,建立了数学模型并求解得出第四方物流的最优契约参数和第三方物流的最优努力程度。结果表明,所设计的契约可以促使第三方物流按照第四方物流的意愿在配送过程中付出最优的努力程度,减少第四方物流所承担的交货期惩罚,第四方物流可以获得最大的期望利润,而第三方物流仅可获得它的保留利润。通过数值实验调查了第三方物流的产出系数对最优决策的影响。
The rapid development of the fourth party logistics to the logistics business has brought the advantages of integration, but also allow customers to face the risk of delivery of uncertainties and delays. In order to promote the stable development of the fourth party logistics and reduce the risk loss of delivery, the risk of outsourced logistics delivery and delivery needs to be effectively managed. Based on the principal-agent theory and contract design knowledge, considering the demand of two types of customers, namely emergency delivery and delay penalty, the contract design of the fourth-party logistics delivery date was studied respectively. The mathematical model was established and solved The optimal contract parameters of the four-party logistics and third-party logistics optimal efforts. The results show that the designed contract can make the third party logistics make the best efforts in the distribution process according to the fourth party’s logistics intention, reduce the punctual delivery of the fourth party logistics, and the fourth party logistics can get the largest Of the expected profit, and third-party logistics can only obtain its retained profits. Through numerical experiments, the influence of the output coefficient of the third-party logistics on the optimal decision-making is investigated.