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这次生产上升的原因从表面上看,美国目前的经济情况正处于战后空前的“繁荣”状态之中。国民生产毛值从1955年的3,909亿美元上升到1956年的4,120亿美元,同期个人收入也从3,061亿美元上升到3,250亿美元。个人的消费开支,以年率计算,去年每季大致都要比前年同一季度增加100亿美元左右。虽然这个增加数目中大约有一半是由于物价上涨,但上升的数目还是很可观的。要是以最重要的指标工业生产水平而论,上升的幅度就更为显著。以年度数字来比较,美国的工业生产指数从1955年的139上升到1956年的143,也就是上升了3％。但以月度数字来比较,这次上升前的最低峰为1954年8月的123,而最高峰为今年1月的148,几乎上升了20％以上。实际上,美国这次工业生产的上升曾经经历了三个阶段。第一个阶段从1954年第四季起到1955年的第四季止。第二个阶段大致自1956年1月起至同年7月止,这是上升运动中的局部后退时期。(有关这二个阶段
The reasons for the rise in production On the surface, the current U.S. economic situation is now in an unprecedented “boom” state after the war. Gross national product rose from 395.9 billion U.S. dollars in 1955 to 4,122 billion U.S. dollars in 1956. Personal income also rose from 306.1 billion U.S. dollars to 325 billion U.S. dollars in the same period. Spending on personal consumption, calculated on an annual basis, last year increased roughly by about 10 billion U.S. dollars over the same quarter of the previous year. Although about half of this increase is due to price increases, the increase is still considerable. If the level of industrial production is the most important indicator, the rate of increase is even more significant. On an annual basis, the U.S. industrial production index rose from 139 in 1955 to 143 in 1956, an increase of 3%. However, in comparison with the monthly figures, the lowest level before the increase was 123 in August 1954, and the peak was at 148 in January this year, rising by almost 20%. In fact, the U.S. rise in industrial production has gone through three stages. The first phase from the fourth quarter of 1954 until the fourth quarter of 1955. The second phase started roughly from January 1956 to July of the same year, which was a partial regression period in the upward movement. (About these two stages