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咳嗽变异性哮喘（ CVA）是导致我国儿童慢性咳嗽最常见的疾病之一。其具有与典型哮喘相似的病理生理改变，且发展为典型哮喘的比例较高，因此早期诊断与治疗对 CVA的预后起着至关重要的作用。该文主要通过诊断、鉴别诊断、辅助检查手段、治疗及预后等方面对儿童 CVA 进行综述，以减少误诊误治，提高CVA诊断的正确率及治疗的有效性，以改善CVA的预后，为儿童 CVA的规范化诊治起重要推动作用。“,”Cough variant asthma(CVA) is one of the most common diseases leading to the chronic cough in children in China.It has similar pathophysiological changes with typical asthma ,and relatively high ratio of developing into typical asthma.Therefore the early diagnosis and treatment of CVA plays a vital role for the prognosis.Here is to make a review of the diagnosis,differential diagnosis,auxiliary examination means,treat-ment and prognosis of children with CVA, in order to reduce the misdiagnosis and error treatment,improve CVA diagnostic accuracy and the effectiveness of the treatment , which is supposed to help to improve the prognosis of CVA and give a major push to the standardization of diagnosis and treatment of children with CVA.