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经济增长可分解为就业总量、结构、资本效率和劳均资本变化的效应。通过收集大量数据,分析劳动力、资本配置结构和效率,发现在1979~1992年经济增长为粗放型,主要依靠劳动力增加;在1993~2012期间则依靠资本扩张,就业结构和资本效率变化对经济增长的效应很低甚至为负。建议大力发展第二产业吸纳剩余劳动力,增加第三产业就业,扩大第一产业投资,提升第一产业劳动生产率,强化技术创新提高资本效率,实现经济内涵式增长。
Economic growth can be decomposed into the effects of changes in employment volume, structure, capital efficiency and labor-capitals. By collecting a large amount of data and analyzing the structure of labor force and capital allocation and efficiency, we found that the economic growth was extensive in 1979-1992 and mainly relied on the increase of labor force. From 1993 to 2012, it relied on capital expansion, changes in employment structure and capital efficiency on economic growth The effect is very low or even negative. It is suggested that we should vigorously develop the secondary industry to absorb excess labor, increase employment in the tertiary industry, increase investment in the primary industry, enhance labor productivity in the primary industry, strengthen technological innovation and increase capital efficiency, and achieve economic connotation growth.