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目的:了解具有对立违抗性障碍(oppositional defiant disorder,ODD)儿童的行为特征和自我意识,并探讨二者之间的关系。方法:对来自湖南省中小学生心理健康状况流行病学调查研究中的全部对象进行DSM-IV诊断,其中符合ODD诊断标准的对象及对照组由父母填写Achenbach儿童行为量表(CBCL),儿童自己填写儿童自我意识量表。结果:在CBCL各项目中除活动情况ODD组与对照组无差别外,余项差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01),儿童自我意识量表中ODD患者的行为、智力与学校表现、焦虑、合群、幸福与满足和总分均显著低于对照组(P<0.01),并且ODD患者的自我意识量表和CBCL具有低度相关,表现为自我意识量表的行为和总分分别与行为问题总分、外化性问题负相关,智力与学校情况、总分和社会能力总分正相关,合群与行为问题总分负相关(P<0.05)。结论:ODD患者存在广泛的行为问题,社会能力差;自我意识普遍性降低;而且行为问题和自我意识具有相关性。
OBJECTIVE: To understand the behavioral characteristics and self-awareness of children with oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) and to explore the relationship between the two. Methods: All subjects from the epidemiological investigation of mental health status of primary and secondary school students in Hunan Province were diagnosed by DSM-IV. Among them, those who met the criteria of ODD and the control group were enrolled in the Achenbach Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) Fill in children’s self-awareness scale. Results: There were significant differences in the remaining items between the ODD group and the control group (P <0.01) except for the ODD group and the control group in the CBCL items. The differences in behavior, intelligence and school performance, anxiety , Cohesion, happiness and satisfaction and total score were significantly lower than the control group (P <0.01), and ODD patients with self-awareness scale and CBCL have a low correlation, manifested as self-awareness scale behavior and total scores were associated with behavior Total score, externalization of negative correlation, intelligence and school conditions, total score and social ability score positive correlation, gregarious and behavior problems negative score (P <0.05). Conclusion: There is a wide range of behavioral problems in ODD patients, with poor social ability; lower universality of self-awareness; and behavioral problems with self-awareness.