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肿瘤细胞的多药耐药性是化疗失败的一个重要原因,也是影响肿瘤预后的一个主要负因素。自1970年在中国仓鼠肺癌细胞上发现多药耐药以来,人们对此进行了广泛深入的研究。已初步弄明了它的产生机制:MDR_1基因的过度表达导致了细胞对疏水性天然药物的多药耐药,此外还有拓扑异构酶Ⅱ和谷光甘肽转移酶质和量的变化引起的对表鬼臼毒类和烷化剂的交叉耐药。而且也发现了逆转多药耐药物性的一些途径,但仍有很多问题未得到阐明,肿瘤细胞的多药耐药性仍是人们治疗肿瘤面临的主要困难。
The multidrug resistance of tumor cells is an important cause of chemotherapy failure and a major negative factor affecting the prognosis of cancer. Since the discovery of multidrug resistance in Chinese hamster lung cancer cells in 1970, people have conducted extensive and in-depth studies. Its mechanism has been preliminarily ascertained: Overexpression of the MDR_1 gene leads to multidrug resistance of cells to hydrophobic natural drugs, in addition to changes in the quality and quantity of topoisomerase II and glutathione transferase. Cross-resistance between Podophyllotoxins and alkylating agents. Moreover, some ways of reversing the drug resistance of multiple drugs have also been discovered. However, many problems remain unexplained. The multidrug resistance of tumor cells is still the major difficulty faced by people in treating tumors.