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本文对如下问题进行评估:在何种程度上公司的行为准则趋同,或者相反,仍保持着明晰的国家特征?这一研究路径使得对据称具有全球性的公司是受全球标准还是国内因素影响进行评估成为可能。该分析的经验基础包括:采访公司和政府高级官员,以及大量的聚集起来的统计数据。三个领域的公司行为受到系统考察:管理与财务;研究与开发;以及交易与直接投资。在全部营运领域,研究显示了三个可以辨别得出的行为群,这些行为群分别以最大的三个国家经济体———德国、日本和美国———的案例为典型。结果是,如果在其认为对自己最具战略重要性的活动中,世界最大的公司(据称是全球化的先行者)在行为上并未趋同,那么显然,全球化的支持者(实际上也是鼓吹者)对它们的情形完全是言过其实了。国家的捍卫者也许已经像恐龙一样走向消失,但国家性的行为方式并非如此。
This paper assesses the extent to which the company’s code of conduct converges or, conversely, maintains a clear national identity. Does this research route make it globally or domestically imperious for allegedly global firms It is possible to evaluate. The empirical basis of the analysis includes interviewers and top government officials, as well as a wealth of aggregated statistics. Corporate behavior in three areas is systematically examined: management and finance; research and development; and transactional and direct investment. In all areas of operations, the study showed three discernable groups of behavior that are typical of the largest three economies, Germany, Japan and the United States, respectively. The result is that if the world’s largest corporations (allegedly the forerunner of globalization) do not converge in behavior at what they consider to be the most strategic of their own, it is clear that the supporters of globalization (and indeed Proponents) are completely exaggerated about their situation. National defenders may have disappeared like dinosaurs, but not nationally.