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近地层负折射结构是海洋大气环境中一种少见的异常折射结构,它对电磁波传播的影响与蒸发波导陷获电磁波传播的效果截然相反。利用蒸发波导模型中的伪折射率概念,研究了海洋大气近地层负折射层高度及廓线参数的计算方法,通过仿真手段比较分析了负折射与蒸发波导的差异及其对电磁波传播影响的“反波导”特征,并利用2002年5月福建平潭岛的试验数据对负折射廓线及其对电磁波影响的“反波导”特性进行了验证分析。
The near-layer negative-refractive structure is a rare anomalous refraction structure in the marine atmospheric environment. Its effect on the electromagnetic wave propagation is opposite to the effect of evanescent waveguides reaching the electromagnetic wave propagation. Using the concept of pseudo-refractive index in the evanescent waveguide model, the calculation method of the height and profile parameters of the negative refraction layer in the marine atmosphere is studied. The differences between negative refraction and evanescent waveguides and their influence on the electromagnetic wave propagation are analyzed by means of simulation. “Anti-waveguide” feature. The negative refraction profile and its “anti-waveguide” characteristics of electromagnetic wave were verified with the experimental data of Pingtan Island in May 2002.