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由可控聚合,包括活性阴离子和自由基聚合直接制备不同形貌纳米材料,是近几年来合成化学领域的一个重要研究成果.与两亲性嵌段共聚物在选择性溶剂中自组装方法不同,在选择性溶剂中进行的分散聚合,首先生成两亲性嵌段共聚物,并逐渐增加第二段聚合物的链长,以实现相分离,形成球形胶束;聚合物链继续增长,实现形貌转变,从而制备预期的聚合物形貌,包括球形胶束、纳米棒、纳米线、囊泡和复合囊泡等.本文综述了乳液聚合法制备球形胶束等形貌;描述了不同聚合体系形成的形貌以及它们的性质和应用,讨论了形貌的形成机理和控制方法,同时指出了存在的问题.
The direct synthesis of nanomaterials with different morphologies from controlled polymerization, including living anion and radical polymerization is an important research field in the field of synthetic chemistry in recent years.Compared with the self-assembly method of amphiphilic block copolymers in selective solvents , Dispersion polymerization in a selective solvent, first amphiphilic block copolymer is generated and the chain length of the second stage polymer is gradually increased to achieve phase separation to form spherical micelles; the polymer chain continues to grow to achieve The morphologies of the polymers were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) The formation of the system and their properties and applications, discussed the formation mechanism and control method of morphology, and pointed out the existing problems.