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研究6次施肥模式下控释配方肥控释氮比例对香蕉产量及其构成因子的影响,确定适宜的控释氮比例,为香蕉专用控释配方肥的研制提供科学依据。采用大田试验,6次施肥模式下,设置4个控释氮比例水平(0%、15%、30%、45%),常规处理为对照,研究控释氮比例对香蕉产量的影响,并分析对商业采收率、果指数、果指围、果指重等产量构成因子的影响。结果表明,与常规处理相比,6次施肥模式下控释配方肥控释氮比例为15%~45%时能显著提高香蕉总产量,平均提高34.30%,以控释氮比例30%为最佳。分析产量构成因子可知,与常规处理相比,控释配方肥控释氮为30%能显著提高采收率11.67%,增加果指数,提高果指重7.05%,增加果指长2.76%;控释氮为45%还能增大香蕉果指围,但是增产效果与控释氮30%无差异。因此综合以上结果,结合控释氮肥的高成本,6次施肥模式下海南北部香蕉主产区控释配方肥中控释氮推荐比例为30%。
The effect of controlled release nitrogen fertilizer on yield and its components of banana under 6 fertilization modes was studied, and the suitable ratio of controlled release to nitrogen was determined to provide a scientific basis for the development of banana specific controlled release fertilizer. In the field experiment, four control release rates of nitrogen (0%, 15%, 30%, 45%) were set up under the six fertilization modes. The effects of controlled release rates on the yield of banana were studied and analyzed Impact on commercial recovery, fruit index, fruit index circumference, fruit index and other yield components. The results showed that compared with the conventional treatment, the total yield of bananas increased significantly by 34.30% and controlled release of nitrogen was 30% when the proportion of controlled release nitrogen fertilizer was 15% ~ 45% good. Analysis of yield components shows that, compared with the conventional treatment, the controlled release nitrogen fertilizer of 30% can significantly enhance the recovery rate of 11.67%, increase the fruit index, increase the index finger weight 7.05%, increase the index finger length 2.76%; control 45% nitrogen release can also increase the circumference of banana fruit, but no significant difference between 30% increase in yield and controlled release nitrogen. Therefore, based on the above results, in combination with the high cost of controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer, the recommended proportion of controlled-release nitrogen in the controlled-release formula fertilizer of the main banana producing areas in northern Hainan in the six fertilization modes is 30%.