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目的：寻找提高食管癌早期诊断准确率的方法。方法：本实验对４１例食管癌患者进行食管拉网，取其脱落细胞，用ＰＡＰ法进行脱落细胞β２微球蛋白（β２ｍ）检测。结果：在４１例食管癌病例中，均发现β２ｍ完全丢失的阴性细胞（即肿瘤细胞），作出正确诊断，无１例假阴性；而常规细胞学方法，４１例中有５例阴性，阳性率仅８７．８％。结论：食管拉网脱落细胞β２ｍ检测有很高的诊断准确率，可作为食管癌诊断、早期诊断和高危人群普查的有效检查方法。
Objective: To find ways to improve the accuracy of early diagnosis of esophageal cancer. Methods: Forty-one patients with esophageal cancer were subjected to esophageal pull-nets and their exfoliated cells were taken. PAP was used to detect β2-microglobulin (β2m) in exfoliated cells. RESULTS: In 41 cases of esophageal cancer, negative cells with completely lost β2m (ie, tumor cells) were found and no diagnosis of false negatives was made. However, in routine cytology, 5 out of 41 cases were negative. The positive rate was only 87.8%. Conclusion: The detection of β2m in esophageal pull-out cells has a high diagnostic accuracy. It can be used as an effective method for the diagnosis, early diagnosis and high-risk population screening of esophageal cancer.