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1.正负数四则运算法则 公元前200多年,汉朝数学家张苍写删补的《九章算术》卷八方程章载:“正负术曰:同名相除,异名相益,正无入负之,负无入正之;其异名相除,同名相益,正无入正之,负无入负之。”即正负数减法法则(同号相减,异号相加,零减去正数得负数,零减去负数得正数)和正负数加法则(异号相减,同号相加,零加上正数得正数,零加上负数得负数)。元朝数学家朱世杰著《算学启蒙》(公元1299年)中载:“同名相乘为正,异名相乘为负;同名相除为正,异名相除为负。”即正负数的乘除法运算法则。
1. Four-plus-four-plus-one algorithm In 200 BC, the Han dynasty mathematician Zhang Cang wrote a supplementary chapter on the “Eight Chapters of Arithmetic” volume of eight equations: “Positive and negative techniques: Divide by the same name, synonymous with different names, Is not in the negative, negative is not in the positive; the division of the same name, with the name of the benefits, is not in the positive, negative and negative.“ That is, the positive and negative number subtractive law (the same number to subtract, add different signs, Zero minus positive number has negative number, zero minus negative number has plus positive number and positive and negative number adds the law (the odd sign subtracts, the same sign adds, zero adds the positive number to have the positive number, zero adds the negative number to have the negative number). The Yuan Dynasty mathematician Zhu Shijie wrote in his book ”The Enlightenment of the Study of Mathematics“ (AD 1299): ”The multiplication of the same name is positive and the synonym of multiplication is negative; the division of the same name is positive, and the synonym of the same name is negative." Multiplication and division algorithm.