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[目的]对我国近年旱情演变及其对农业造成的影响进行研究。[方法]汇总分析了1978～2008年我国发生重大旱灾的土地受灾面积、成灾面积、成灾率,以及全国农作物播种面积及其受旱灾影响情况。[结果]近年来,我国大部分省市,尤其是南方地区,旱情并没有减轻,反而有逐渐加重的趋势;自1978年以来,我国由于旱灾导致的成灾面积在迅速增加,且干旱导致的农作物绝收面积总体也呈现上升趋势,同时,由于人口增加和和经济发展导致粮食播种面积减少,导致了粮食的总产量增长缓慢。[结论]构建和谐流域,实现人水和谐相处,就要在科学认识和正确运用自然规律的同时,规范人类自身行为,进一步做好相关的生态环境保护工作。
[Objective] The research on the evolution of drought in recent years in our country and its impact on agriculture. [Method] The land affected areas, affected areas and disaster-hit rates of major drought in 1978 ~ 2008 in our country were summarized and analyzed. The affected area of crops in the country and the impact of drought were also analyzed. [Result] In most of the provinces and cities in our country, especially in the south, the drought did not decrease in recent years, but gradually increased. Since 1978, the area of disaster caused by drought has been rapidly increasing and the drought caused As a whole, the total area of crops received also showed an upward trend. At the same time, due to the increase of population and the reduction of grain sown area due to economic development, the total grain output has been slow to increase. [Conclusion] In order to build a harmonious basin and realize the harmonious coexistence of human and water, it is necessary to standardize the behavior of human beings themselves and to do a better job of ecological and environmental protection while understanding and correctly using the laws of nature.