本工作研究了阳离子吸附和pH对恒电荷土壤（黄棕壤、棕壤、暗棕壤和黑土）和可变电荷土壤（砖红壤）动电性质的影响。研究结果表明，砖红壤在不同溶液中的ζ电位随pH升高由正值变为负值，均有一个等电点（IEP）；pH＞5时，在不同溶液之间砖红壤ζ电位的变化顺序为：MnCl2＞ZnCl2≥CaCl2＞NaCl。作为恒电荷土壤的黄棕壤、棕壤、暗棕壤和黑土在不同溶液中的ζ电位均为负值，没有等电点；ζ电位-pH曲线的形状随土壤、电解质和pH而异。阳离子吸附后使土壤粘粒的ζ电位正移。阳离子专性吸附对ζ电位的贡献△ζ在不同土壤、不同离子之间的顺序如下：砖红壤K+＜Zn2+＜Ca2+＜Cu2+＜Mn2+，黄棕壤和黑土Ca2+＜K+＜Mn2+＜Cu2+＜Zn2+。 This work studied the effect of cation adsorption and pH on the electrokinetic properties of constant-charge soils (yellow-brown, brown, dark brown and black) and variable charge soils (latosol). The results showed that the ζ potential of red brick in different solutions changed from positive to negative with the increase of pH, and had one IEP. When pH> 5, the ζ potential of brick red soil in different solutions The order of change is: MnCl2> ZnCl2> CaCl2> NaCl. The zeta potential of yellow brown soil, brown soil, dark brown soil and black soil as constant charge soil were negative and had no isoelectric point. The shape of zeta potential-pH curve varied with soil, electrolyte and pH. After the cation adsorption, the zeta potential of soil clay particles is positive. The contribution of cation specific adsorption to zeta potential △ ζ in different soils, the order of different ions are as follows: brick red soil K +