非整倍体是人类生殖生物学中的重要问题 ,是引起自发性流产和新生儿中多种先天性畸形综合征的主要原因。尽管非整倍体的发生率高、临床后果严重 ,但人类对于非整倍体究竟是如何发生的仍然不清楚。另一方面 ,减数分裂过程的研究已经取得很大进展。这个过程中 ,任何一个环节的错误都可能会导致染色体的异常分离。其中 ,重组的改变、姐妹染色单体的过早分离是研究较多的两个重要环节。此外 ,线粒体的突变、非整倍体发生的两性差别也引起了越来越多研究者的兴趣 Aneuploidy is an important issue in human reproductive biology and is the leading cause of spontaneous abortion and multiple congenital malformation syndromes in newborns. Despite the high incidence of aneuploidies and the serious clinical consequences, it remains unclear how humans actually happen to aneuploidies. On the other hand, great progress has been made in the study of meiosis. In this process, any part of the error may lead to abnormal chromosome separation. Among them, the recombination changes, the premature separation of sister chromatids are two more important aspects to be studied. In addition, the mutation of mitochondria, gender differences in aneuploidy also caused more and more researchers interest