能称得上一次交谈的语言活动,不会是由一系列互不相干的话语组成的,相反,交谈应该是成功的语言交际活动。一次成功的交谈是参加交谈的人共同努力的结果。要使交际成功,参加的人必须有一个共同的交际目标,或者至少有一个被双方或多方都接受的大方向。这个目标或方向常常是在谈话的一开始就明确的,例如双方准备通过交谈商定一次会议的时间,解决一个具体的问 Language activities that can be said to last a conversation are not made up of a series of irrelevant words. On the contrary, conversation should be a successful language communication. A successful conversation is the result of joint efforts by those who participated in the conversation. To be successful, people must have a common goal of communication or at least one general direction that is acceptable to both or more parties. Often the goal or direction is clear from the very beginning of the conversation, for example when the parties are ready to negotiate a meeting by talking to a specific question