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一、说要 从当前中学生运用语言的实际水平看,要使其达到“能够做到语言规范、清晰、连贯”的要求是要花大力气的。 语言规范,就是要求语言的表达要符合现代汉语的法则和标准。前面对语音、词汇、句子等的要求,都体现了这个精神。就书面语言看,中学生运用语言的不规范,主要有下列一些现象:①生造,即杜撰除了他自己之外谁也不懂的形容词之类。②滥用,即往往望文生义,生搬硬套地使用词语(主要是成语)。③文白夹杂,即在行文中特别喜欢来一点之乎者也之类的文言词语,不管可用不可用。④欧化句式,即在写文章时死套外文句式,读来很是别扭。严格要求和规范化的训练是克服上述种种弊端的有效方法。
First, to say that from the actual level of the current middle school students’ use of language, it is necessary to make great efforts to meet the requirement of being able to achieve language specification, clarity, and consistency. Language specification means that the expression of language must comply with the rules and standards of modern Chinese. The previous requirements for speech, vocabulary, and sentences all reflect this spirit. As far as the written language is concerned, the use of non-standard language by middle school students mainly includes the following phenomena: (1) Creation, that is to say, adjectives and the like that no one knows but himself. 2 Abuse, that is to say, often reads literally, uses words (mainly idioms). 3 White and white inclusions, that is to say, classical words such as those who like to come to a certain point in the writing, whether it is available or not. 4 Europeanization sentence sentence, that is to say, when writing an article, it is very awkward to read a foreign sentence. Strict requirements and standardized training are effective ways to overcome the above drawbacks.