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目的:探讨非选择性人群中经超声检查甲状腺结节的患病情况及良恶性结节的超声特征。方法:采用横断面的研究方法,对2014年3-4月间所有在我院行甲状腺超声检查的群体,无论其是否有甲状腺疾病拟或是体检的结果进行分析,比较在不同年龄、性别人群甲状腺结节的患病率及良恶性结节的超声特征。结果:本研究期间共有1045例受检者完成甲状腺超声检查,经超声检查发现甲状腺结节者573例,总患病率54.83%。不同年龄阶段甲状腺结节的患病率不同,患病率有随年龄增高而增高的趋势(P<0.01)。不同性别甲状腺结节患病率亦不同(男49.8%vs女56.65%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。在甲状腺结节患者中,表现为单一结节者233例(40.66%),多发结节者340例(59.34%),不同性别间结节数目差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。全部甲状腺结节患者中,92例(16.06%)行细针穿刺抽吸活检(FNAB),其中诊断为恶性者28例,占所有结节患者的4.89%。超声检查边界欠清晰、钙化在恶性结节的发生率显著高于良性结节(P<0.05)。结论:非选择人群中甲状腺结节的患病率较高,尤其是女性,不同性别甲状腺结节患者的特点有所差异,结节钙化、边界欠清晰等超声特点有助于甲状腺恶性结节的筛查。
Objective: To investigate the prevalence of thyroid nodules by ultrasonography in non-selective population and the ultrasound features of benign and malignant nodules. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted to analyze the results of thyroid ultrasound examinations in our hospital from March to April 2014, whether or not there is thyroid disease or physical examination. Prevalence of thyroid nodules and sonographic features of benign and malignant nodules. Results: A total of 1045 subjects completed thyroid ultrasound during this study. 573 cases of thyroid nodules were found by ultrasound examination, with a total prevalence rate of 54.83%. The prevalence of thyroid nodules in different age groups is different, the prevalence tends to increase with age (P <0.01). The prevalence of thyroid nodules varied with gender (49.8% for males and 56.65% for females), the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). In patients with thyroid nodules, there were 233 cases (40.66%) with single nodules and 340 cases (59.34%) with multiple nodules. The number of nodules was statistically significant (P <0.01). Of the total thyroid nodules, 92 (16.06%) had fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB), of which 28 were diagnosed as malignant, accounting for 4.89% of all nodules. Ultrasound examination of the border is not clear, the incidence of calcification in malignant nodules was significantly higher than that of benign nodules (P <0.05). Conclusion: The prevalence of thyroid nodules in non-selected population is high, especially in women. The characteristics of thyroid nodules in different sexes are different. Ultrasound features such as calcification of nodules and undefined boundaries are helpful for the diagnosis of malignant thyroid nodules Screening.