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儿童急性会厌炎是一种侵袭呼吸道造成儿童突然死亡的不易揣测的炎症,它由于会厌炎性水肿而导致气道阻塞,炎症常侵犯会厌杓状皱襞及杓状软骨。本病常见于幼儿,好发于冬季,由乙型嗜血性流感杆菌所致。患儿可有轻型的上呼吸道前驱症状,大多数病例在睡前情况很好,睡着几小时后因喉痛、发热、呼吸困难而警醒,可有虚脱及呼吸道梗阻,较大的儿童可主诉喉痛,吞咽困难,通常有高热、发音低沉,颈部触痛。患儿为了使空气容易通过狭窄的声门上区,常俯身向前、颈微屈、头伸直的坐位,并有张口、流涎多、焦急、烦躁不安等。
Acute epiglottitis in children is an unlikely predictor of sudden death in children through the respiratory tract. It causes obstruction of the airways due to epiglottis and inflammation. Inflammation often violates epiphyseal folds and arytenoid cartilage. The disease is common in children, occurs in winter, caused by the B hemophilia B. Children may have mild upper respiratory tract prodromal symptoms, most cases before going to bed in good condition, a few hours after falling asleep due to sore throat, fever, difficulty breathing and may have collapse and airway obstruction, the larger children may complain Sore throat, difficulty swallowing, usually with high fever, low voice, neck tenderness. Children in order to make the air easily through the narrow glottis area, often leaned forward, neck micro-bend, head straight seat, and mouth, salivation and anxiety, restlessness and so on.