从宏观上分析,交通运输系统是一个规模巨大、遍布各地的集中——分布式网状结构,既纵横流通,又有鲜明的层次。诚然,从微观上考察,大多数具体作业是独立和流动的方式,呈分散状态,但网状结构本身就决定了交通运输行业独特而显明的系统集中性、业务整体性和管理统一性。而这些特性的动态体现又必须借助于通讯手段,以保证系统的正常运转。 From the macroscopic analysis, the transportation system is a large-scale, distributed around the centralized network structure, both vertical and horizontal circulation, but also a distinct level. It is true that from the microscopic point of view, most of the specific operations are independent and mobile, and are decentralized. However, the network itself determines the unique and obvious system concentration, business integrity and management uniformity of the transportation industry. The dynamic manifestation of these characteristics must rely on communication means to ensure the normal operation of the system.