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肿瘤细胞的快速增殖是一个极其耗能的过程,尽管如此,肿瘤细胞即便在有氧条件下也主要以糖酵解获取能量(有氧糖酵解),这是肿瘤细胞的显著特征之一。这种产能方式转变导致肿瘤细胞内部发生一系列生理变化,为其快速增殖提供能量物质和用于新细胞合成所需的生物大分子,同时为有效适应肿瘤微环境改变奠定基础。该文通过介绍能量代谢相关基因变异研究进展,基于分子进化视角探讨肿瘤细胞中相关基因可能存在的适应性进化遗传印记,为诠释肿瘤细胞能量代谢方式发生转变的可能机制提供新的视角和证据。
The rapid proliferation of tumor cells is an extremely energy-consuming process. Nevertheless, tumor cells gain energy primarily through glycolysis (aerobic glycolysis) even under aerobic conditions, which is one of the salient features of tumor cells. This shift in capacity leads to a series of physiological changes in the tumor cells, providing energy substances for its rapid proliferation and biological macromolecules needed for the synthesis of new cells, and laying a foundation for effectively adapting to changes in tumor microenvironment. In this paper, by introducing the research progress of gene mutation related to energy metabolism, this paper explores the possible evolutionary genetic imprinting of related genes in tumor cells based on the molecular evolutionary perspective, providing a new perspective and evidence for the possible mechanism of the transition of energy metabolism in tumor cells.