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目的探讨自发性脑出血的发病因素及其临床表现与预后的关系。方法回顾性分析106例自发性脑出血病例,对发病因素进行总结,并对临床表现与预后关系进行探讨。结果自发性脑出血患者多有高血压病史,发病年龄多在50～70岁之间,男性较女性多,以冬春季为主。在影响死亡因素中,入院收缩压>200mmHg、140mmHg、<140mmHg三组病例的病死率有显著性差异(P<0.05)。无意识障碍组与有不同程度意识障碍组病例之间,其病死率呈高度显著性差异(P<0.01),并随意识障碍加重而死亡率增高。合并出血破入脑室或应激性溃疡病例,病死率分别为45%、58%。结论控制高血压、保持情绪相对稳定、注意气候变化和防寒保暖,对减少脑出血的发生有不可忽视的作用,血压、意识障碍及合并症是影响自发性脑出血患者预后的重要因素。
Objective To explore the relationship between the incidence of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage and its clinical manifestations and prognosis. Methods A retrospective analysis of 106 cases of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage, summarize the incidence of factors, and clinical manifestations and prognosis of the relationship. Results of patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage and more history of hypertension, the onset of age more than 50 to 70 years old, more men than women, mainly in winter and spring. In the factors affecting mortality, admission systolic blood pressure> 200mmHg, 140mmHg, <140mmHg three cases of mortality was significantly different (P <0.05). There was a highly significant difference in the case fatality rate between the unconscious group and those with different levels of consciousness disorder (P <0.01). Bleeding hemorrhage into ventricle or stress ulcer cases, the case fatality rates were 45%, 58%. CONCLUSION: Controlling hypertension, maintaining a relatively stable mood, paying attention to climate change and protecting against cold and warm, can not neglect the occurrence of cerebral hemorrhage. Blood pressure, disturbance of consciousness and comorbidities are important factors affecting the prognosis of patients with spontaneous cerebral hemorrhage.