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目的:比较孕早期与孕晚期饮食模式对极低出生体质量儿(VLBWI)出生时生长指标的影响。方法:我院收治住院的活产VLBWI的母亲或者了解患儿母亲孕期饮食模式的亲属填写《孕妇饮食模式调查表》,并通过测量VLBWI的出生体质量、身长、头围、胸围来研究饮食模式对患儿生长指标的影响。结果:孕早期各种饮食模式对VLBWI的出生时生长指标影响差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);孕晚期,动物蛋白型和健康型饮食模式孕妇的VLBWI出生体质量、身长、头围均优于传统型饮食模式,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而动物蛋白型和健康型两种饮食模式孕妇对VLBWI出生生长指标影响差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:动物蛋白型和健康型饮食模式孕妇的VLBWI出生体质量、身长、头围均优于传统型饮食模式,孕期应该注重蛋白质的摄入,避免偏食或绝对素食,尤其是孕晚期。
OBJECTIVE: To compare the effect of diet patterns during the first trimester and the third trimester on the growth indexes of babies born with very low birth weight (VLBWI). METHODS: A hospitalized VLBWI mother was admitted to our hospital or a relative of a mother who was pregnant during pregnancy was enrolled in a “dietary survey of pregnant women” questionnaire. The diet model was studied by measuring the birth weight, length, head circumference and chest circumference of VLBWI The impact of children’s growth indicators. Results: There was no significant difference in the growth indexes of VLBWI at various stages during the first trimester of pregnancy (P> 0.05). In the third trimester of pregnancy, the body mass, body length and head circumference of VLBWI in animal protein type and healthy diets The difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). However, there was no significant difference in the growth index of VLBWI between the animal model of protein and healthy diet (P> 0.05). Conclusion: The body mass, body length and head circumference of VLBWI in pregnant women with animal protein type and healthy diet pattern are better than traditional dietary patterns. Pregnancy should focus on protein intake and avoid partial or absolute vegetarian food, especially in the third trimester of pregnancy.