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明代宫廷画院在中国美术史上曾兴盛一时,自洪武始至永宣乃至弘治,明代宫廷画院人才辈出、济济一堂。然至正德时,画院状况江河日下、渐渐式微。对于此,许多学者把原因归结于正德皇帝的荒淫无道、政治腐败以及此后的国力日趋衰竭。此种观点固然有一定的道理。但笔者以为明代画院的式微除了上述因素外,还有另一个极其重要的原因,那就是明代画院自身制度的不完备。
Ming court art academy in the history of Chinese art has flourished, from the beginning of Hongwu to Evergreen and even Hongzhi, the court art academy of Ming Dynasty talented, gathered together. However, when it was Masanori, the status of the art academy was declining gradually. For this reason, many scholars attributed the reason to the absurdity of the Zhengde Emperor, political corruption and the subsequent decline of their national power. Although this view has some truth. However, I think the Ming Dynasty Academy of Fine Arts in addition to the above factors, there is another extremely important reason, that is, the Ming Dynasty Academy’s own system is not complete.