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宋代文学批评中喜欢使用山水象喻。山的高低错落、俊秀蓊郁,水的奔泻柔韧、随物赋形,给了中国人无限的想象,也契合了文学的丰富多样性特质。在这方面,宋人多有取喻,大体可分为以长江黄河为喻,以江海湖溪为喻,以山川联喻。这些象喻批评是中国人象喻思维在文学批评中的烛照,也是中国人热爱自然、热爱山水在文学批评中的表现。通过对宋代文学批评中有关山水象喻的梳理,从一个侧面洞悉了宋人的审美心理和文学批评的特色,丰富了人们对宋人艺术生活化和生活艺术化的认识,对客观剖析和体认中国古代文学批评的话语特色有相当的助益。
Song like the use of landscape criticism literary criticism. The level of the mountains scattered, handsome Yu gloomy, plumper water flexibility, with the material shaped, gave the Chinese unlimited imagination, but also fit the rich and varied literary traits. In this respect, the Song people have many metaphors, which can be roughly divided into the Yangtze River Yellow River as the metaphor, the Jianghai Lake River as the metaphor, the mountain metaphor. These metaphorical criticisms are the candlelight of Chinese metaphorical thinking in literary criticism and also the expression of Chinese love of nature and love of landscape in literary criticism. Through combing the landscape metaphors in the literary criticism in the Song Dynasty, this paper explores the aesthetic psychology of the Song people and the characteristics of the literary criticism from a single perspective, enriches the understanding of the artistic life and artistry of the Song people, Recognizing the discourse features of ancient Chinese literary criticism is quite helpful.