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目的探究基于健康信念模式的孕期教育对初产妇自然分娩焦虑情绪及并发症的影响。方法 162例初产妇随机分组,各81例。对照组予以常规孕期教育,观察组实施基于健康信念模式的孕期教育,比较两组健康教育前后焦虑、抑郁评分,统计分娩方式、总产程时间及产后出血、新生儿窒息发生率。结果干预后观察组焦虑、抑郁评分均低于对照组(P<0.05);剖宫产率低于对照组,自然分娩率高于对照组(P<0.05);总产程时间短于对照组(P<0.05);产后出血、新生儿窒息发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论初产妇实施基于健康信念模式的孕期教育,可显著缓解其焦虑情绪,降低并发症发生率。
Objective To investigate the effects of pregnancy education on the anxiety and complications of spontaneous labor in primipara. Methods 162 cases of primipara were randomly divided into groups, each of 81 cases. The control group received regular pregnancy education. The observation group conducted pregnancy education based on the health belief model. The anxiety and depression scores before and after health education were compared between the two groups. The mode of delivery, the time of delivery, the postpartum hemorrhage and the incidence of neonatal asphyxia were compared. Results After the intervention, anxiety and depression scores of the observation group were lower than those of the control group (P <0.05). The rate of cesarean section was lower than that of the control group, and the rate of spontaneous delivery was higher than that of the control group (P <0.05) P <0.05). The incidence of postpartum hemorrhage and neonatal asphyxia was lower than that of the control group (P <0.05). Conclusions Early primipara implementation of pregnancy education based on health and belief model can significantly relieve anxiety and reduce the incidence of complications.