新目标八年级(上)Units1-2课文聊天室

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  Unit 1
  
  Section A
  1. What do you usually do on weekends? 周末你通常做什么?
  on weekends 意为“在周末”、“每逢周末”,属于美国英语的用法。英国人则习惯于使用at weekends或at the weekend。例如:
  They often have a party on/at weekends. 他们经常在周末聚会。
  Sometimes they go to see a film on/at weekends. 有时他们在周末去看电影。
  [练习]完成句子。
  许多人在周末去购物。
  Many people go shopping ____ ____.
  [Key:on/at weekends]
  2. I often go to the movies.
  我经常去看电影。
  often 意为“经常”,是频度副词。常见的频度副词还有always, usually, sometimes, hardly, never等。频度副词常常位于实义动词之前,be动词、情态动词及助动词之后。但sometimes的位置较为灵活,可位于句首、句中或句末。例如:
  They are always late for school.
  他们上学总是迟到。
  The old man can hardly walk.
  那位老人几乎不能走路。
  [练习]完成句子。
  托尼有时骑车去上学。
  ____ Tony goes to school by bike.
  [Key:Sometimes]
  3. They often go to the movies.
  他们经常去看电影。
  How often do you watch TV?
  你(你们)多久看一次电视?
  “看电视”、“看比赛”英语译为“watch TV”、“watch a match”。“看电影”可译为:see a film; go to a film; go to the films; go to see a film; go and see a film; go to the cinema; go to the movies等。
  [练习]完成句子。
  我喜欢看电视,不喜欢看电影。
  I like ____ TV and I don’t like ____ ____ ____ ____.
  [Key: watching, going to the cinema/going to the movies]
  4. Here are the results of the students activity survey at Green High School. 这是绿色中学学生活动情况调查的结果。
  here, there置于句首且主语是名词时,主语和谓语要用倒装语序。例如:
  Here comes the bus. 公共汽车来了。
  [特别提醒]当主语是代词时,主语和谓语不倒装。例如:
  Here you are. 给你。
  Here we are. 我们到了。
  There he is. 他在那儿。
  [练习]完成句子。
  铃响了。
  ____ ____ the bell.
  [Key:There goes]
  5. As for homework, most students do homework every day. 谈到家庭作业,大多数学生每天做。
  as for意为“至于,关于”。例如:
  We all passed the examination, but as for him, he alone failed.
  我们都及格了,但至于他,只有他一个人不及格。
  I enjoy going to the movies. But as for the theater, I prefer staying at home. 我喜欢看电影。但至于看戏,我宁愿留在家里。
  [练习]完成句子。
  我喜欢英语,至于数学,我一点也不喜欢。
  I like English, but ____ ____ math, I don’t like it at all.
  [Key:as for]
  Section B
  1. Is her lifestyle the same as yours or different?
  她的生活方式与你的生活方式是相同还是不同?
  the same as意为“同……一样”。例如:
  Lin Tao’s watch is the same as yours. 林涛的手表和你的一样。
  be the same as 的反义词组为“be different from…”意为“与……不同”。例如:
  English names are different from Chinese names.
  英语的名字与汉语的名字不同。
  [练习]完成句子。
  这本词典与我的一样。
  This dictionary is ____ ____ ____ mine.
  [Key:the same as]
  2.…but I’m pretty healthy. ……但我相当健康。
  此处的pretty作副词,意为“非常,相当”,可用来修饰形容词或副词,表示程度。该句中的“healthy”是形容词,意为“身体健康的”。例如:
  The movie is pretty good. 那部电影非常好。
  He is pretty old now. 他现在相当老了。
  Although my grandmother is 80 years old, she is still healthy.
  我的祖母虽然80岁了,但还是很健康。
  [练习]完成句子。
  她的英语非常好。
  Her English is ____ good.
  [Key:pretty/very]
  3. I try to eat a lot of vegetables. 我尽量多吃蔬菜。
  try to do sth. 表示“努力去做……,设法做……”的意思。例如:
  Try to catch up with your classmates. 努力去赶上你的同学。
  try的后面也可接V-ing形式,表示尝试着做某事。例如:
  Let’s try knocking at the window. 咱们敲窗户试试。
  [练习]完成句子。
  我要设法学好英语。
  I’ll ____ ____ ____ English well.
  [Key:try to learn]
  4. I hardly ever exercise. 我难得进行锻炼。
  hardly作副词,意为“几乎不,几乎没有”。表示否定,通常置于实义动词之前,be动词和助动词之后。例如:
  We hardly have time to play. 我们几乎没时间玩耍。
  I can hardly understand them. 我简直无法理解他们所说的话。
  ever用于否定句中,意为“无论何时都不……,至今不曾……”,可与含有否定意味的语句连用。例如:
  We hardly ever eat out. 我们很少在外面吃饭。
  [练习]完成句子。
  我几乎不在外面吃饭。
  I ____ ____ have dinner outside.
  [Key: hardly ever]
  5. So maybe I’m not very healthy, although I do have one healthy habit. 所以尽管我的确有好的健康习惯,但也许我并不太健康。
  汉语的“虽然……但是……”译成英语时,用了though/although就不可再用but;同样,用了but, 就不可再用though/although。例如:
  虽然天很晚了,但他们仍继续工作。
  误:Though it was late, but they still went on working.
  正:Though it was late, they still went on working.
  正:It was late, but they still went on working.
  [练习]同义句转换。
  It was very hot, but the football match still went on.
  ____ it was very hot, the football match still went on.
  [Key: Although/Though]
  6. A lot of vegetables help you to keep in good health.
  大量的蔬菜帮助你保持健康。
  此处的keep作动词,意为“保持(某种状态)”,其后常跟形容词,副词或介词短语。本句中的“in good health”就是一个介词短语,表示“身体处于健康状态”。例如:
  He keeps in the shade because it is very hot.
  他一直呆在阴凉的地方,因为天气太热。
  Keep along this road. 沿着这条路走。
  [练习]同义句转换。
  他们必须把手放在背后。
  They must ____ their hands ____ their backs.
  [Key:keep, behind]
  
  Unit 2
  
  Section A
  1. What’s the matter? 怎么了?
  这是医生问诊时的常用语,可以单独使用,也可与with连用。“What’s the matter with…”表示“……怎么啦?”。它也可用来表示“某物怎么了”。类似的说法还有:What’s wrong with…?/What’s…trouble? 例如:
  What’s the matter with you? (=What’s your trouble?) 你怎么了?
  What’s wrong with your computer? 你的电脑怎么了?
  [练习]同义句转换。
  What’s wrong with her bike?
  What’s ____ ____ with her bike?
  [Key:the matter]
  2. I have a stomachache. 我胃疼。
  have 后面接表示疾病的名词,指“生……病”、“患……病”,口语中常用have got代替have。例如:
  ——What’s the matter, David? 怎么啦,大卫?
  ——I’m having a toothache. 我牙疼。
  [特别提醒] ache和sore是两个与疼痛有关的词语,常与表示身体具体部位的名词构成合成词或短语,表示某一部位的疼痛。ache位于名词后面,sore位于名词前面。例如:
  headache头痛;stomachache 胃疼;
  backache背疼;toothache 牙疼;
  earache 耳朵疼;sore throat 喉咙疼;
  sore foot 脚疼;sore knee 膝盖疼
  [练习]完成句子。
  丹尼没来上课,因为他头疼得厉害。
  Danny is not here for class because he ____ a bad ____.
  [Key:has, headache]
  3. I think so. 我认为是这样。
  so置于think, hope, call, believe(相信), expect(期望), suppose(猜想) 等动词或be afraid后面,替代其后含肯定意义的宾语或宾语从句。例如:
  ——Can I pass this examination? 我能通过这次考试吗?
  ——I’m afraid so. 恐怕能通过。
  [练习]完成句子。
  “今天下午天会下雨。”
  “我想是这样。”
  ——It’s going to rain this afternoon.
  ——____ ____ ____.
  [Key:I think so]
  4. You should lie down and rest. 你应该躺下休息。
  should意为“应该”,后面接动词原形。例如:
  We should help each other and learn from each other.
  我们应该互相帮助,互相学习。
  [练习]完成句子。
  这药你应该一天吃三次。
  You ____ ____ this medicine three times a day.
  [Key:should take]
   Section B
  1. Eating Danshen and Huangqi herbs is also good for this. 吃丹参和黄芪对此也有益处。
  动名词(短语)作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。例如:
  Watching TV too much is bad for your eyes.
  电视看得太多对你的眼睛有害。
  Eating one apple a day is good for your health.
  每天吃一个苹果对你的身体有益。
  [练习]完成句子。
  晚饭后散步对你的身体有好处。
  Taking a walk after supper ____ ____ ____ your health.
  [Key:is good for]
  2. It’s easy to have a healthy lifestyle, and it’s important to eat a balanced diet.
  保持有利于健康的生活方式不难,平衡饮食也很重要。
  本句中的两个it都是形式主语,两个动词不定式(短语)是真正的主语。动词不定式短语作主语时,有时短语比较长,为了保持句子结构的平衡,常常用it作形式主语,而将作真正主语的动词不定式短语放在句末。例如:
  To learn English well is not easy. (=It is not easy to learn English well.) 学好英语不容易。
  [练习]同义句转换。
  To do morning exercises is very important.
  ____ ____ ____ to do morning exercises.
  [Key:It’s very important]
  3. I study late every night, sometimes until 2 a.m., but I don’t think I’m improving.
  每天晚上我都学到很晚,有时候直到凌晨2点,可是我觉得还是没有提高。
  “I think”后面跟含否定意义的宾语从句时,通常将语义上属于从句的否定词转移到主句的谓语动词上。believe, suppose, imagine 等动词后面跟宾语从句时,也有类似的用法,要注意这类句子的汉译。例如:
  I don’t think it’s a good idea. 我认为这不是个好主意。
  Excuse me, but I don’t think you are right. 对不起,我认为你不对。
  until 意为“直到……之时”,在否定句中表示“直到……才……”。例如:
  I didn’t go to bed until ten o’clock last night. 昨晚我直到十点才睡。
  [练习]完成句子。
  1) 我认为他不能回答这个问题。
  I ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ this question.
  2) 昨天下午她直到做完作业才离开教室。
  Yesterday afternoon she ____ ____ the classroom ____ she finished her homework.
  [Key:1)don’t think he can answer 2)didn’t leave, until]
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