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杂草群落结构的异质性是群落动态的主要属性.基于物种频度和幂函数法则,对沟叶结缕草草坪杂草群落在时间维度上的物种结构和空间异质性的变化进行了研究.结果表明:从2007到2009年,沟叶结缕草草坪3年共发生杂草43种,隶属19科,其中,禾本科、菊科、莎草科和茜草科杂草在草坪杂草中占据优势,多年生杂草占杂草比例最大,并呈逐年上升趋势;杂草群落具有比随机分布更高的空间异质性;杂草优势种年内随季节变化明显,表现出“双子叶杂草-单子叶杂草-双子叶杂草”、“多年生杂草-一年生杂草-多年生杂草”交替出现的规律;杂草群落的空间异质性在夏季大于冬季,多样性和均匀性在夏秋季大于冬春季,在夏季表现出高异质性的杂草种类比其他季节多;杂草群落空间异质性、多样性年际间变化不显著,均匀性呈逐年降低趋势.
The heterogeneity of weed community structure is the main attribute of community dynamics. Based on the species frequency and power function law, the changes of species structure and spatial heterogeneity in the weed community of Zoysia matrella The results showed that from 2007 to 2009, there were altogether 43 weeds in the lawn of Zoysia matrella, belonging to 19 families. Among them, Gramineae, Asteraceae, Cyperaceae and Rubiaceae weeds in the lawn weeds Of perennial weeds accounted for the largest proportion of weeds, and showed an upward trend year by year; weeds community has a higher than the random distribution of spatial heterogeneity; dominant weed species with seasonal changes significantly, showing Weeds - monocotyledonous weeds - dicotyledonous weeds “,” perennial weeds - annual weeds - perennial weeds "alternating rules; weed community spatial heterogeneity in the summer than in winter, diversity And the uniformity was greater than that in winter and spring in the summer and autumn. The weed species showed more heterogeneity in summer than other seasons. The spatial heterogeneity and diversity of weed community did not change significantly in the interannual period, and the homogeneity tended to decrease year by year .